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"A cross-sectional study across 80 Anganwadi centres in Kolhan, Jharkhand, involving 146 participants (80 Anganwadi Workers, 27 pregnant women, and 39 lactating mothers), found that while take-home ration (THR) was universally distributed, only 42% of it was consumed exclusively by beneficiaries. Dietary shifts toward packaged foods, erosion of traditional practices, and limited THR awareness emerged as key barriers. Locally co-developed recipe books, training of 4600 Sahayikas, and live demonstrations during Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Days and Annaprashan events improved THR adoption. Findings suggest that integrating indigenous food knowledge with frontline capacity-building can enhance the effectiveness of government nutrition programs in tribal areas."

"Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are an increasing public health concern in India. A cross-sectional study was conducted among NCD patients attending outpatient clinics in two urban and two rural health centers in the Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh to investigate urban-rural differences in the prevalence of modifiable behavioral and metabolic risk factors. Hypercholesterolemia (≥200 mg/dL) and elevated diastolic blood pressure (≥90 mmHg) were significantly more prevalent among urban participants. In contrast, rural participants had greater exposure to second-hand smoke and lower intake of fruits and vegetables. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions tailored to the place of residence to address risk factors for NCDs."

"Migraine is a widespread and debilitating disorder. Recent evidence suggests a role of seasonal and circadian rhythmicity in migraine episodes. We investigated the pattern of migraine attacks over 1 year in the North Indian population. A questionnaire was provided to 120 migraine patients at the end of each of the six seasons according to the Indian calendar. The frequency, pain intensity, and duration of migraine episodes were significantly higher during the hot summer (7.92 ± 0.70, 6.63 ± 0.17, and 8.73 ± 0.99, respectively) and monsoon (8.11 ± 0.72, 6.64 ± 0.17, and 8.00 ± 0.94, respectively) compared to the cold winter months. There was a gradual decrease from summer to winter, with 77.2% of patients reporting diurnal rhythmicity to their attacks, and 34.5% of patients reporting occurrences in the afternoons, increasing from colder to hotter months. Increased incidence during summer, monsoon, and afternoons should be considered in planning prophylactic and therapeutic interventions."

"Clinical characteristics, drug responsiveness, and natural history of Parkinson’s disease are different in India compared to the Western world. This hospital-based descriptive study was conducted, as anecdotal information alone is available on the characteristics of falls in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease from India. To collect the data of characteristics of falls, a structured interview was conducted in 192 consecutive idiopathic Parkinson’s patients with a history of minimum three falls in the previous 3 months and normal cognition. The mean duration and severity of the disease were 5.3 ± 3.29 and 3.42 ± 0.58, respectively. Majority of the falls are caused by disease-related impairments, postural instability (50.7%, 1085) and freezing (32.5%, 694), during walking (42.42%, 907), turning (21.18%, 453), and getting up (32.08%, 686). Fourteen (7.3%) participants sustained fracture and 30.7% (59) of participants required medical intervention costing ₹200–₹200000/. Quality of life as measured by the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39 (31.19 ± 13.36) was positively correlated with number of falls (r = 0.38, P = 0.000). Falls have a considerable impact on the patients and caregiver."

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