A modern reference to temperate woody plants🔒 SSL Verified

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• ↓ Trees and Shrubs Online
• ↓ The text
• ↓ The International Dendrology Society
• ↓ Support TSO
• ↓ Recent publications
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"IDS Trees and Shrubs Online (TSO) is the International Dendrology Society’s ambitious project to create a modern, web-based encyclopaedia of cultivated woody plants hardy in the temperate parts of the world. As of April 2026, TSO contains over 16,000 individual articles illustrated by over 30,500 images, all freely available to anyone, anywhere with an internet connection."

"TSO provides comprehensive ‘biographies’ for each plant it covers, detailing botanical aspects, identification information, cultural history and horticultural experience. This is a unique resource, already the largest ever horticultural reference work, building on published literature to create a resource fit for the 21st century with all its challenges. Our work is funded by philanthropic giving. The day to day project management, including oversight of all new text, is the responsibility of the Editorial Team."

"Our text comes from three principal sources: new material specially commissioned for Trees and Shrubs Online; the text of New Trees by John Grimshaw and Ross Bayton, published in 2009; and W.J. Bean’s Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles (8th edition, published in four volumes between 1976–1981, with a 1988 supplement). Much of the historic material, especially the ‘Bean’ text, is particularly dated, and our aim is to renew this entirely."

"This is a large, complex, and long-term project but so far over 160 genera have been completely re-written thanks to the generous support of many donors. Every article is meticulously researched and carefully edited to ensure reliability, and an international team of authors is constantly at work preparing new entries. As an active website, flexibility is an integral attribute, permitting regular updates to be made whenever new information or images are available."

Key Topics & Focus Areas for treesandshrubsonline.org:

Trees and Shrubs Online

The text

The International Dendrology Society

Support TSO

Recent publications